The objective was to strengthen the inpatient care model that had been implemented in Chocó since 2007. Community strategy for nutritional recovery of malnourished children through capacity building to prevent, detect and refer cases of malnutrition.The programme revolved around two main areas: After this review, the communities carried out a process of adjustments and understanding of the concepts of food security, nutrition and malnutrition. In this phase 69 representatives of the indigenous ethnic groups and 36 legal representatives from the Afro-Colombian community councils participated. Initially, a review of the existing legal framework on food security was carried out, taking into account (at all times) the cultural integrity of indigenous peoples and ethnic groups. The programme was developed in 58 communities (25 Afro-Colombian and 33 indigenous) from 9 municipalities: Quibdó, El Carmen de Atrato, Río Quito, Nóvita, Sipí, Tadó, Istmina, Medio San Juan and Litoral de San Juan. According to the “Evaluation of Food and Nutrition Security in Vulnerable Populations in Colombia (2011)”, the presence of illegal armed groups and anti-personnel mines restricts the population’s ability to access their food sources: markets, hunting, fruit picking and fishing. Likewise, gender-based violence in Chocó is at 88.3 per cent, exceeding by far Colombia’s already high national average (55 per cent).Īt the same time, there is a close link between food insecurity and armed conflict. The maternal mortality rate in Chocó is triple that of Colombia’s national rate. Moreover, it must be taken into account that 29 per cent of girls between the ages of 15 and 19 in Chocó are either mothers or pregnant with their first child. In addition, in the municipalities prioritized by the programme, the following practices were found: inadequate breastfeeding and supplementary feeding, poor hygiene and childcare practices, and poor diet (monotonous, low in fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meats and fats and high in plantains). Of that 60 per cent, 77 per cent suffered from chronic malnutrition and 45 per cent from severe chronic malnutrition, compared to the national level of 2 per cent. In 2005, children under the age of five (in the Chocó region) were malnourished in 60 per cent of the cases, compared to Colombia’s national average of 33 per cent. The mortality rate among children under the age of five is also higher than Colombia’s national average. Life expectancy in Colombia is 70.3 years, while in Chocó it is only 58.3 years. Colombia’s quality of life index is at 79 per cent, while in Chocó it is at 58 per cent. The Chocó region has more poverty and lower quality of life levels than Colombia’s national averages. This activity involves high environmental and social risks and risks the exacerbation of violence over the control of resources. Even so, the mining boom in Chocó is also associated with conditions of poverty. The mining industry makes the largest contribution to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with a share of 30 per cent. However, Chocó’s economy is fragile it depends on mining, logging, fishing, agriculture and livestock. Moreover, the presence of Afro-Colombian and indigenous communities bring important cultural wealth to this region, since these people have conserved their languages and customs. It is considered as one the richest regions in the world for natural resources. Chocó has a population of 454,030 inhabitants, 70 per cent of whom predominantly come from rural municipalities. It has an area of 46,530 km2 and is the only Colombian department with a coast on the Pacific Ocean. The Department of Chocó is located in the northwest region of the country.
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